Corn
Summary
What it is
Common uses
Public Perception
Anxiety level
Cultural claims
Source sentiment
History
Timeline
Origin
Science
Key findings
Studies
Safety status
Nuance
Alternatives
Swaps
Avoidance tips
References

Fact-checked by Lucent 3 months ago

Corn

ingredientCommodities

Total Sources: 52

Verified Claims: 34

Scientific Sources: 25

Also known as: Maize, Zea mays

Summary

Corn, also known as maize, is a globally significant grain, originally domesticated in Mexico around 9,000 years ago [29], [17]. It is a staple food for humans and livestock and a key ingredient in numerous industrial products [29], [5].

What it is

Corn is a cereal grain from the plant *Zea mays*, characterized by its kernels attached to a cob. It is a major source of carbohydrates and also provides fiber, vitamins, and minerals [5].

Common uses

  • Food for human consumption (e.g., corn flour, tortillas, cornbread)

  • Animal feed

  • Production of ethanol fuel

  • Ingredients in industrial products (e.g., plastics, adhesives)

  • Corn syrup and high fructose corn syrup in processed foods

Public Perception

Anxiety level

Moderate. Concerns exist regarding GMO corn, potential allergies, and the presence of corn-derived ingredients in many processed foods [31], [26], [40].

Cultural claims

  • Corn is a vital part of Mexican national culture and cuisine [32], [30]

  • Corn was a major part of the diet of Native American people [30]

  • Corn is associated with Thanksgiving celebrations in the United States [30]

Source sentiment

The sources present a mixed sentiment towards corn. Some sources highlight its nutritional benefits and importance as a staple food, while others express concerns about GMOs, allergies, and potential health risks associated with certain corn-derived products [5], [26], [31].

History

Timeline

7000

Domestication of teosinte in southern Mexico begins [29].

2500

Corn cultivation spreads throughout the Americas [29].

1492

Christopher Columbus encounters corn, introducing it to Europe [30].

1815

The Corn Laws are enacted in the United Kingdom, regulating the import and export of grain [33].

1922

The first hybrid corn is produced and sold commercially [18].

1973

Biochemists develop genetic engineering, impacting corn modification [18].

1994

The first GMO produce (a tomato) becomes available for sale [18].

2020

Mexico bans genetically modified corn and the use of herbicide glyphosate in the production of food for human consumption [22].

Origin

The original purpose of corn was as a food source for ancient peoples in southwestern Mexico, who cultivated it from a wild grass called teosinte [17], [29], [30].

First appeared: 7000

Science

Key findings

  • Whole grain corn products may have favorable effects on blood lipid and glycemic profiles [5], [15].

  • Refined corn products may be linked to less favorable metabolic outcomes, especially in individuals with metabolic disorders [5].

  • Corn silk has been found to exert an antihypertensive effect [8].

  • Some studies suggest a link between high-fructose corn syrup and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [7].

Studies

Effects of Corn Flour Consumption on Human Health across the Lifespan: A Scoping Review

Whole grain corn products are associated with favorable effects on blood lipid and glycemic profiles, while refined corn products may exacerbate metabolic risks [5].

Evaluating the Effects of Corn Flour Product Consumption on Cardiometabolic Outcomes and the Gut Microbiota in Adults with Elevated Cholesterol: A Randomized Crossover

A blend of refined corn meal and corn bran significantly decreased LDL cholesterol over time in adults with elevated LDL cholesterol [15].

Corn Silk Tea for Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Corn silk tea plus antihypertensive drugs may be more effective in lowering blood pressure compared with antihypertensive drugs alone, though evidence is limited [8].

Safety status

Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) for its intended uses [1]. However, concerns exist regarding specific corn derivatives, potential allergic reactions, and the safety of GMO corn [26], [31].

Nuance

The health effects of corn vary depending on the type and processing methods. Whole grain corn and corn bran may offer metabolic benefits, while highly processed varieties may increase metabolic risks [5].

Alternatives

Quinoa or Amaranth

These are fiber-rich whole-grain options that also provide plant-based protein [34].

Corn Tortilla Chips

Corn is a whole grain, making corn tortilla chips a better choice than potato chips [34].

Dates and Peanut Butter

This is a better on-the-go treat because dates are naturally sweet and high in fiber and antioxidants, unlike many granola bars that are loaded with added sugars [34].

Whole-Grain or Bean-Based Pasta

These alternative pastas are tasty and have fiber and protein [34].

Oatmeal

Oatmeal has fiber and resistant starches to stabilize blood sugar, unlike breakfast cereal, which often has added sugars [34].

Rice, Millet, or Arrowroot Starch

These can be used instead of cornstarch [40].

Avoidance tips

  • Read food labels carefully to identify corn and its derivatives [26], [40].

  • Be cautious with processed foods, as they often contain corn-derived ingredients [40].

  • When dining out, inquire about ingredients to avoid potential allergens [40].

References

1.

https://www.fda.gov/media/169396/download