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Cadmium is a chemical element with the symbol Cd and atomic number 48. It's a soft, silvery-white metal that is chemically similar to zinc and mercury.
Cadmium is a relatively rare element in the Earth's crust, occurring mainly in association with zinc ores. It is obtained as a byproduct of mining, smelting, and refining sulfide ores.
Batteries (Nickel-cadmium batteries)
Pigments (yellow, orange, and red)
Electroplating (corrosion resistance)
Stabilizers in plastics
High, due to the known toxicity and environmental concerns associated with cadmium exposure.
Cadmium-containing pigments have been used in art for their vibrant colors, but concerns about toxicity have led to their decline.
Generally negative due to toxicity concerns, but recognized for its industrial utility.
Cadmium independently discovered by Stromeyer and Hermann.
Use of cadmium pigments becomes widespread in শিল্প and industry.
Increased awareness of cadmium toxicity leads to regulations on its use.
Initially identified as an impurity in zinc compounds.
First appeared: 1817
Cadmium is a known human carcinogen.
Chronic exposure can lead to Itai-Itai disease, characterized by severe bone pain and kidney damage.
Cadmium accumulates in the environment and can enter the food chain.
Cadmium exposure and cancer risk: a systematic review
Studies show a clear link between cadmium exposure and increased risk of lung, prostate, and kidney cancer.
The effects of cadmium on human health
Cadmium can disrupt various biological processes, leading to a range of adverse health effects.
Highly toxic and carcinogenic. Exposure can lead to kidney damage, bone problems, and cancer.
The toxicity of cadmium depends on the form of exposure (e.g., inhalation, ingestion) and individual susceptibility. Regulations aim to minimize exposure, but environmental contamination remains a concern.
Lithium-ion batteries
To replace nickel-cadmium batteries due to lower toxicity and higher energy density.
Where to find: Electronics stores
Organic pigments
To replace cadmium-based pigments in paints and plastics, offering lower toxicity.
Where to find: Art supply stores
Avoid smoking, as tobacco plants accumulate cadmium.
Be cautious of consuming foods grown in cadmium-contaminated soils.
Ensure proper disposal of nickel-cadmium batteries to prevent environmental contamination.